Car-heating apparatus.



W. R. MUKEEMJB. GAR HEATING APPARATUS.

APPLIOATION FILED AUG. 7, 1907.

NVENTOH OHNE S THE MORRIS PETERS CD.. PHOTO-LITHO.. WASHINGTON. D4 C.

W. R. MGKEEN, JR. GAR HEATING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 7, 1907.

1, 1 1 3,457. Patented Oct. 13, 1914.

3 SHEETS-SHEET Z,

Fi g2- W/TNESSES INV/:'N7 mag/D Kaw wf IM THE NDRRIS PETERS CD..PHOTO-LITHO.. WASHINCTQN. D. C.

W. R. MQ'KEEN, JR.

GAR HEATING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 7, 1907.

Patented Oct. 13, 1914.

3 SHEETSP-SHEET 3.

NVENT TTOHN YS -QM E.

THE NORRIS PETERS C0., FHUTU-LITHO.. WASHINGTON. D. C.

A UNITED sTATEsPATENT oFFIoE. y l

WILLIAM n. MGKEEMJR., or OMAHA, NEBRASKA, AssIeNoR 'ro MCKEEN MOTOR CARCOMPANY, or OMAHA, NEBRASKA, A CORPORATION or NEW JERSEY.

GAR-HEATING ArPAitATUs. f

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed August 7, 1907. Serial No. 387,456. f

vented certain new and useful Improvements in Oar-Heating Apparatus, ofwhich the following is a full, clear, and exact'description, such aswill enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to makeanduse the same.

This invention relates to car heating apparatus. y

One of the objects thereof is to provide practical and efficient meansvfor heating a car.

Another object is to provide means of the above type of such characterand so Lused as to maintain a car in an efficiently ventilatedcondition.

Another object is to provide means of the type first mentioned in whichthe heated air or other agent is economically used and uniformlydistributed- Other objects will be in part obvious and in part pointedout hereinafter.

The invention accordingly consists in the i features of construction,`combinations of elements and arrangement of parts which will beexemplified inthe construction hereinafter set forth, and the scope ofthe application of which will be indicated in the following claims. j

In the accompanying drawings wherein is shown one of various possibleembodiments of this invention; Figure 1 is a plan,Fig. 2 is a partialelevation of parts shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is a sectional view takensubstantially on the line -m of Fig. l' and showing the parts upon alarger scale, Fig. 4 is a detail cross section taken along the lineg/-g/ of Fig. 2 and showing the parts on an enlarged scale.

Similar reference characters refer to simi lar parts throughout theseveral views.

As tending to a ready understanding of certain features of thisinvention, it may here be noted that by reason of the shape and oftencrowded character of a car body peculiar difficulties are experienced inheat-l ing the same. There is a tendency to heat to excess certainportions of the car whereas other portions are comparatively cold.Another difficulty experienced is in efficiently Ventilating a structureof this character, especially in coldV weather in which the heating isalso to be considered. The above and other defects are overcome instructures of the nature offthat hereinafter described.

Referring now to the accompanying drawings there is shown in Fig. 1 acar body 1 provided with a train pipe 2 which has connections 3 leadingto regulators 4 from each'of which the connections 5 and 6 supply steampipes 7 and 8, best shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings. rlhese pipespreferably run from points adjacent the center of the car at each sidethereofto points adjacent the ends, and are connected with the returnpipes 9 which lead as by the connections 10 and 11 to the traps 12.Running along the floor at eachside lof the car from the ends thereofare conduits 18y which are preferably formed as indicated in Fig. 3 ofthe drawings and terminate in dust collectors 14, Figs. land 2, airbeing led to the latter devices from upright conduits 15 providedwithhoods 16. These dust collectors,

Patented oet. 13, 1914.

the' specific construction of vwhich forms no part of the presentinvention, are provided with screens 17, asof cloth, through which theincoming airy fromy the conduits 15 is passed to the conduits l13l andby which all cinders,"dirt and the like are separate-.l therefrom.`Alongthe sides of conduitsl 13 are formed openings 18 preferably oneopposite each seat of the car.

As will be seen from the drawings the steam pipes 7 8 and 9 are placedclosely adjacent the-sides of the conduits 13 and may be secured theretoas by brackets 19 and bolts 2,0 as shown in Fig. 4. Likewise securedadjacent the conduits 13 are footrests 21 best shown in Fig. 4 of thedrawings. These foot-rests each comprise the upper member 22 riveted tothe top of con duit 13 and a lower member 23 4riveted to the side of theconduit and extending beneath member 22 and riveted thereto. The lattermember thus forms a light `and effi- ,cientk support for the rest, theedge of the and are of such length as to accommodate each seat withoutthe waste of metal and labor attendant upon extending them to theinaccessible locations between the seat and the side wall.

By-the arrangement of conduits and heating pipes shown and described Iam enabled to make the conduits of sheet metat or other light material,the bottom and one side wall being formed by the car itself, and theconduit structure proper consequently taking up but very little space.The heating pipes being arranged in front of the'eX- posed upright faceof the conduit, effectively protect the same against being battered orbent out of shape by the feet or satchels of passengers, or by thebrushes or other cleaning implements of the car cleaners. The foot restsserve not only as such, but likewise as delectors to insure the'direction of the heated air toward the middle ol the car. The naturaltendency of the air, initially warmed in the conduit and further` warmedby its contact with the heating pipes, is to pass directly upwardand inthe absence of some provision to insure its distribution over the car,is apt to pass directly to the top of the car, and to escape vthroughthe ventilators without having adequately contributed to the heating ofthe car. T he foot rests further serve to prevent litter from iindingits way down between the heating pipes and the air conduit. Finally,they offer considerable protection to the top of the conduit, materiallylessenin'g the danger of its becoming battered or injured by articlesrested or dropped thereon. They thus serve not merelyas foot rests, butas eiiicient aids in the direction 'and distribution of the heated aircurrents, and as protectors of the conduits.

In the upright conduits 15 there are preferably provided heating meansas the steam pipes 25 which serve to'temper the air before it is led tothe conduits 13 thus rendering the action of the system more elicient.There is `also provided a damper 26 by which the incoming air may beregulated in volume or entirely shut olil if desired. The foul air isdrawn from, the car body, moreover, by roof ventilators of the'suctiontype as indicated at 27.

The operation 0f the above described embodiment of this invention issubstantially as follows. The heating pipes 7, S and 9 re ceive steam orother fluid .whereby they rare enabled to perform their functions.l andit is yto be noted that althoughmany advantages are inherent in theconstruction shown, and particularly in the case of side entrance cars,nevertheless the heating elements may be of widely different characterin so far as certain broad features of this invention are conf cerned.The conduits 13 extend throughout a large portion of the length of thecar eX- cept at the side entrance 2S, and the air is led to thesepassages through the upright conduits 15, being tempered if desiredas'by the heating pipes 25. After passing in purified condition throughthe conduits 13 it passes loutv'vardly through ,the opening-sor ports 18and is discharged at points adjacent each seat. This air supply,moreover, may be regulated by the damper 2G in order to accord withweather conditions. The foul air is drawn preferably by suction throughthe roof ventilators 27, thus insuring a steady stream of pure air ofthe desired temperature adjacent each seat. The foot-rests, moreover,are positioned exactly where required without extending to portions ofthe car where they would be unused and would merely interfere with thecleansing of the car as well as raise the cost of construction andmaintenance.

By reason of the carrying of the air closely yadjacent, the pipes 7, 8and 9, said pipes serve to impart heat thereto throughout its passage aswell as while passing from the ports 18 directly over the pipes. If itis desired, moreover, to use the heating system without the use of theincoming air, the latter may be readily cut olf by the damper 26, andif, on the other hand, as in summer, the heating system is unused, theVentilating system still acts efficiently. While the train is at rest,moreover, the heating pipes still keep the car in warm condition bydirect radiation, even though the supply of incoming air be at that timemuch reduced.

lt is quite important that thin sheet metal be used for the formation ofthe inclosing wall of fresh air conduit 13, in order that heat may bereadily conducted or trans mitted from the heating pipes within the carto the air in said conduit, and that a large heating area for suchpreliminary heating of the air in the conduit be produced withoutoccupying undue car space. Sheet metal occupies the least practicablespace,

and permits the ready transmission of heat,

but being light, requires protection at all eX- posed points, hence thearrangement of the heating pipes in front of it and the placing of thefoot rests above it contributes to the pr'acticability and efficiency ofthe complete structure or combination, the foot rests serving theadditional purpose of throwing the heat toward the middle of the car, ordistributing it throughout the interior of the car. It is particularlyto be noted, also, that there is no air inlet into the car when thedoors and windows are closed, save such as is afforded by the ports oropenings 18, and that there is no outlet for air except at the roof ofthe car. It hence follows that the heated air is thoroughly diffused ordistributed throughout the car, and gives off its heat before escapingthrough the ventilators 27. It is obvious that were the Ventilating orexhaust openings in proximity to the heating pipes, or to the inletsthrough which the air enters the interior of the car, the heated airwould be rapidly and in great degree, withdrawn from the car withoutdelivering its vheat Within the car. y The character of the conduit andthe relative location of the heating pipes with reference thereto, theposition of the foot rests which serve as deflectors for the heated'air,and the placing of the ventilators or foul air outlets in 'the ceilingor roof of the car, are all matters of imweather is uniformly andeconomically heated to precisely the desired degree. The construction issimple and inexpensive and the entire apparatus is reliable andeconomical, and well adapted to meet the conditions of practical use.

As many changes could be made in the above construction and manyapparently Widely diderent embodiments of this invention could be madewithout departing from the scope thereof, itis intended that all mattercontained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawingsshall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

Having described my invention, what I-vt claiin as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is:

1. In car heating apparatus, in combination, a flat4 air conduitextending from the floor of the oar upward adjacent the inner wall ofthe car, and formed by a thin sheet metal wall rising from the floor andextending to the wall of the car; an air intake pipe communicating withsaid conduit; heating pipes extending substantially parallel with and inclose proximity to the exposed upright face of said conduit; openingsformed in said upright wall of the conduit in j aroxiinity to theheating pipes; and ventilators communicating with the interior of thecar at the roof or ceiling thereof.

2. In car heating apparatus, in combination, a sheet metal air conduitleading along the floor of the car adjacent one ofthe side wallsthereof, and provided with outlets in its exposed wall, heating pipesarranged parallelwith and in proximity to the exposed upright wall ofthe conduit, and serving at once to heat the air within and escapingfrom said conduit and to protect the conduit against injury, and footrests mounted upon said conduit and overhanging the heating pipes,whereby they are adapted to direct the heated air toward the middle ofthe car.

3. In car heating apparatus, in combination, an air downtake leadingfrom the roof of the car downward to the iioor thereof; heating meanswithin the downtake and serving to temper the air passing through thesame; an air conduit leading from said downtalre along .the lioor of thecar adjacent to one of the side walls thereof,said conduitbeingprovided'with openings; and heating pipes extending parallel'with andinproximity tosaid conduit, and in positionv to impart heat to the airwithin the conduit and escaping through the openings in the wallthereof. 4. In car heating apparatus, in combination, a `sheet, metalair conduit extending along the iioor of the. car adjacent one of lthewalls thereof, and provided with outlets in its upright wall; heatingpipes mounted closely adjacent the side of saidv conduit and extendingalong the same; and

a combined foot rest and deflector mounted upon said conduit adjacenteach seat of the car, said foot rest being formed to overhang saidheating pipes and to serve as a protection against contact therewith,and also as a means of directing the warmed air inward from the sidewalls of the car.

5. In car heating apparatus, in combination, a sheet metal memberextending along the floor of the car adjacent a side wall thereof andhaving its upper portion exj tending substantially to the side wall andits lowerv portion substantially to the iioor whereby there is providedan air conduit, said conduit being provided with an air inlet', asheetmetal foot-rest extending upwardly and outwardly from said conduit, andheating means lextending along said conduit beneath said foot-rest, saidconduit being provided with lopenings adapted to discharge air towardsaid heating means.

6. In car heating apparatus, in combina-- tion, an air conduitcomprising a sheet metal element secured at its upper edge to the wallof the car and extending outwardly and thence downwardly and secured tothe floor `of the car, said air conduit being provided with openings todischarge air into the car.y and means external to the conduit andopposite the openings adapted to heat the airdischarged by said conduitinto the car. 7.In`car heating apparatus, in combination, air conduit*comprising a sheet metal element secured at its upper edge tothe wall ofthe car and extending outwardly and thence downwardly and secured to theiioor of the car, said air conduit being provided with an air inlet andwith openings to discharge air into the car; means extending? parallelwith and in proximity to the conduit and across the discharge openings`thereof, adapted to heat the air discharged by said conduit into thecar; and a sheet tion, an air conduit comprising a sheet metal elementsecured at its upper edge to the wall of the ear and extending outwardlyand thence downwardly and secured to the floor or" the Car, said conduitbeing provided with an air inlet and with openings to discharge air intothe car; means adapted to heat the air discharged by said conduit intothe oar, said means extending parallel with and in proximity to theconduit and across its discharge openings; and a sheet metal footresthaving a portion secured to the upper portion of said conduit, and abracing p0rtion secured to the upright portion of said conduit, saidfoot-rest being formed to eX- tend over said heating means.

In testimony whereof I aix my signature in the presence of twowitnesses.

VILLIAM R. MCKEEN, JR.

Witnesses:

H. P. VAN ARSDALE, C. P. BURNAP.

Copies of this patent mayr be obtained for ve cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents,

' Washington, D. C.

